Packaging container design

When sales packaging containers are made of glass, ceramics, plastics and other materials, their basic modeling principles, expression techniques and production methods all belong to the same type of design topics, and there is no fundamental difference. Generally speaking, we divide the appearance of packaging containers into five major parts: lid (mouth), neck, shoulder, chest and abdomen, and foot (bottom). When designing, it should be noted that the shape of packaging containers for each type of commodity has relatively fixed characteristics, so these five major components cannot all be subversively designed, otherwise it is likely to produce an incongruous effect.

The cap is an important component of the packaging container and the focal point of the vision. Its shape directly affects the style characteristics of the entire packaging container. When designing, attention should be paid to the coordination between the cap and the overall shape of the container. The design of the container shape needs to be carried out in a macro-comprehensive way, but for the bottle cap shape, it can be designed and decorated relatively independently to create a cap shape that is both novel, beautiful, and full of individual characteristics, and unified and harmonious with the whole. Most of the bottle mouths are blocked by the bottle cap, so the bottle mouth and the bottle cap can be designed in an integrated manner. Decorating the shape of the bottle cap can easily break the original style characteristics, but it is necessary to consider whether it conforms to ergonomics, whether it is easy to open, easy to seal, and safe without sharp corners. Because it involves production technology, sealing and use, the shape of the bottle mouth will not change significantly under normal circumstances. All the mouths of packaging containers need to be designed from the perspective of applicability. Generally, they adopt a round straight mouth or a wide eaves shape, and must be sealed and sealed by the cap to protect the internal products. Therefore, when designing, it is necessary to consider the size of the container diameter, the length of the neck, the characteristics of the internal contents, and the convenience and safety of consumption. Based on the different physical properties, chemical composition and internal pressure of the contents, the bottle cap is specifically designed while ensuring its practical functions of opening and sealing.

The shape design of the container neck is relatively independent. You can change the shape of the container neck without changing other parts, so as to create a different style of container shape and bring different psychological feelings to people. When operating, in addition to paying attention to the connection relationship between the upper bottle cap and the lower bottle shoulder, you must also pay attention to whether the shape and length of the bottleneck meet the requirements for the pasting of the neck label. The shape of the bottleneck can be divided into three parts, from top to bottom, the mouth neck line, the neck center line and the neck shoulder line. These three components constitute the basic shape of the bottleneck, and its shape also changes according to the change of the line shape.

The change of the neck line and its shape depend on the positioning of the overall shape of the container, which can be divided into neckless type, short neck type and long neck type. There is no container neck directly connected to the shoulder line, and the goods inside are generally non-volatile, which is convenient for scooping goods from the bottle. For example, a cream bottle can be designed as a per-neck container with a very short neck and a relatively simple shape line change. There is also a more obvious ring piece protrusion designed on the short neck to prevent slipping when clamped and lifted with fingers. Another example is a mixing bottle, which can be designed as a long-necked container with a long neck line, which can effectively prevent the volatilization of the product inside and can also control the flow of the liquid product when pouring.

The shoulder width, inclination angle and transition angle of the container shape are the main parameters affecting the vertical load strength. They are important parts for resisting the external vertical load strength and the torsional strength of the screw cap. At the same time, the shoulder line is also the line with the largest angle change in the container shape, which has a great influence on the change of the container shape.

The bottle shoulder on the container shape is connected to the bottleneck and the bottle chest, so the shape of the bottle shoulder can also be divided into 3 parts, from top to bottom, the neck shoulder line, the shoulder center line and the shoulder chest line. When designing, it is necessary to consider the coordinated transition relationship between the shoulder in the neck and chest and abdomen. Many different shoulder shapes can be produced by changing the length, angle and curvature of the shoulder. Different shoulder shapes can make the entire container shape have different temperaments to cope with different consumer groups. For example, "flat shoulder" is a horizontal state of the shoulder, which can make the entire container have an upright and masculine temperament. Most packaging containers for men's products adopt this design method. "Slanted shoulder" makes the entire container gentle, natural and free and easy. The "beauty shoulders" make the entire container soft and elegant. Most women's product packaging uses this technique in pursuit of soft curves.

The chest and abdomen of the container are the main parts of the packaging container. For most containers, the shapes of these two parts are often closely connected, and the changes in the shapes are directly related, so they can be considered separately or combined when shaping.

When shaping the chest and abdomen of the container, special attention should be paid to the label position, area and pasting method, with the principle of beauty and convenience of labeling. This part is also called the "labeling area", so large deformation is generally not designed. The design of the chest and abdomen of the container must also consider ergonomic factors. When consumers grab the container, they generally touch the chest and abdomen of the container, so the design of this part should avoid being too large, too small or too smooth. Attention should also be paid to the design of rigidity factors in the chest and abdomen. For example, the chest and abdomen of the round container are decorated with concave and convex structures, and the chest and abdomen of the square container are decorated with concave and convex structures or pockmarked surfaces, which can increase the rigidity index of the packaging container.

The foot of the container is the key part of the container's stability and the finishing part of the visual process. The upper end of the container's foot (i.e. the lower part of the container) can be shaped into a new shape using straight planes, curved planes, curved surfaces, etc.

The bottom of the rigid packaging container is generally thicker, which can stabilize the center of gravity of the entire container and improve the stability of the container. The appropriate rounded transition between the bottom and the body of the bottle can eliminate stress concentration, external impact, etc., and increase the safety and stability of the container while ensuring the integrity of the shape. The bottom design also needs to consider anti-slip performance to prevent the container from sliding on slippery or uneven surfaces. This can be achieved by adding anti-slip patterns to the bottom, designing anti-slip pads, or using anti-slip materials.

In addition, the bottom design also needs to consider the production cost and processing difficulty of the container. On the premise of meeting stability and anti-slip properties, the design should be simplified as much as possible to reduce production costs and processing difficulties.